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Paul Frederick, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin

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Paul Frederick
Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
Reign1 February 1837 – 7 March 1842
PredecessorFrederick Francis I
SuccessorFrederick Francis II
Born(1800-09-15)15 September 1800
Ludwigslust
Died7 March 1842(1842-03-07) (aged 41)
Schwerin
Spouse
(m. 1822)
IssueFrederick Francis II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
Louise, Hereditary Princess of Windisch-Graetz
Duke William of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
HouseHouse of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
FatherFrederick Louis, Hereditary Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
MotherGrand Duchess Elena Pavlovna of Russia
ReligionLutheranism

Paul Friedrich (15 September 1800 – 7 March 1842) ruled as Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin from 1837 to 1842.

Early life

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Paul Friedrich was born in Ludwigslust on 15 September 1800. He was the son of Friedrich Ludwig, Hereditary Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Grand Duchess Elena Pavlovna of Russia. From his parent's marriage, he had a sister, Marie of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, who married Georg, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg. After his mother's death in 1803, his father married Princess Caroline Louise of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (daughter of Charles Augustus, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach) in 1810. Only one child survived to adulthood, his half-sister, Hélène of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, who married Prince Ferdinand Philippe, Duke of Orléans (eldest son of King Louis Philippe I of France). After Princess Caroline died in 1816, his father married her first cousin, Landgravine Auguste of Hesse-Homburg, who became stepmother to his surviving children.

His paternal grandparents were Frederick Francis I, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, and Princess Louise of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg.[1] His maternal grandparents were Duchess Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg and Tsar Paul I of Russia; he was the only surviving grandchild born during the Tsar's lifetime.

He was educated at Geneva, Jena and Rostock. Upon the death of his father, the Hereditary Grand Duke, in 1819, Paul Friedrich became heir-apparent to the throne of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.

Career

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On 1 February 1837 he succeeded his grandfather, Friedrich Franz I. His reign saw improvements in the infrastructure and judicial system of the Grand Duchy, as well as a change in the government's seat of residence from Ludwigslust to Schwerin. Nonetheless, Paul Friedrich was largely interested only in military matters and spent most of his time drilling his troops. As Paul Friedrich reached his middle age, he adopted a more reclusive lifestyle, preferring only the company of his mistress.[2]

Personal life

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Portrait of his wife, Princess Alexandrine and children, Friedrich Franz II and Luise, by Friedrich Wilhelm Schadow, c. 1825

On 25 May 1822 at Berlin, Paul Friedrich married Princess Alexandrine of Prussia (1803–1892), the seventh child and fourth daughter of King Frederick William III of Prussia and Duchess Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. Together, they had two sons and one daughter:

Paul Friedrich also had issue with his mistress, Countess Catharina von Hauke, daughter of Johann Mauritz Hauke and sister of Princess Julia of Battenberg, including:[2]

  • Catharina (1830–1834), who died young.[2]
  • Paul Friedrich (1832–1903), who married Countess Maria Anna van Nieppell.[2]
  • Alexander (1833–1833), who died young.[2]
  • Helene Catharina (1835–1915), who died unmarried.[2]

Paul Friedrich died in 1842 of a cold caught while rushing to a fire in his capital city.[2]

Descendants

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Through his daughter Luise, he was a grandfather of Hugo, 3rd Prince of Windisch-Graetz and Princess Marie of Windisch-Graetz.[4]

Ancestors

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References

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  1. ^ Haydn, Joseph (1855). History of the Wars of the French Revolution. Bangs. p. 555.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g Bayerischer Veteranen-Kalender: für .... 1890 (in German). Reichel. 1890. p. 45. Retrieved 17 March 2025.
  3. ^ (in French) Hélène de Mecklembourg-Schwerin; Madame la duchesse d'Orléans; Nouvelle édition. Paris: Michel Lévy, 1859. DC 269 .O7 M34 1859.
  4. ^ a b Dietrich, Andrea; Müller, Winfried; Schattkowsky, Martina (2004). Zwischen Tradition und Modernität: König Johann von Sachsen 1801-1873 (in German). Leipziger Universitätsverlag. p. 364. ISBN 978-3-936522-86-0. Retrieved 17 March 2025.
  5. ^ Huberty, Michel; Alain Giraud; F. B. Magdelaine (1945). L'Allemagne Dynastique, Tome VI : Bade-Mecklembourg. pp. 233, 239. ISBN 978-2-901138-06-8.
  6. ^ Fries, Jana Esther; Gutsmiedl-Schümann, Doris (2013). Ausgräberinnen, Forscherinnen, Pionierinnen: Ausgewählte Porträts früher Archäologinnen im Kontext ihrer Zeit (in German). Waxmann Verlag. p. 44. ISBN 978-3-8309-7872-5. Retrieved 17 March 2025.
  7. ^ "Romances of a Royal House", The Washington Post, 20 April 1906
  8. ^ Hibbert, Christopher (2007). Edward VII: The Last Victorian King. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 41.
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Media related to Paul Frederick, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin at Wikimedia Commons

Paul Frederick, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
Cadet branch of the House of Mecklenburg
Born: 15 September 1800 Died: 7 March 1842
Regnal titles
Preceded by Grand Duke of Mecklenburg - Schwerin
1837–1842
Succeeded by